Hashing

Characteristics

• deterministic
• fast
• irreversible
• collision resistant (difficult / impossible to find two different inputs that produce the same result)
• avalanche effect (small change to the input should result in a drastic change in the output)

                   ┌──────────────────────────────┐                                                                  
                   │ ┌───────────────────────────┐│                                                                  
                   │ │Vivamus sagittis lacus vel ││                                                                  
                   │ │   augue laoreet rutrum    ││                                                                  
                   │ │  faucibus dolor auctor.   ││                                                                  
                   │ │Vivamus sagittis lacus vel ││                                                                  
                   │ │   augue laoreet rutrum    ││      f(X)         ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────┐
                   │ │  faucibus dolor auctor.   ││──────────────────▶│ 0x830E3A6766C753e041aa5B78e94213972a99D400  │
                   │ │Nulla vitae elit libero, a ││                   └─────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                   │ │ pharetra augue. Donec sed ││                                                                  
                   │ │ odio dui. Etiam porta sem ││                                                                  
                   │ │  malesuada magna mollis   ││                                                                  
                   │ └───────────────────────────┘│                                                                  
                   └──────────────────────────────┘