AWS Lambda

"AWS Lambda lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. You pay only for the compute time you consume."

Benefits

Serverless
Continuous Scaling
Subsecond Metering
Consistent Performance

Serverless Components

Lambda - functions as a service (compute)
API Gateway - HTTP endpoints as a service (connectivity)
DynamoDB - Managed NoSQL (storage)
S3 - Managed object store (storage)
Congito - User management and authentication (security)
Certificate Manager - free, automatic, SSL certs (security)

Use Case

ETL jobs
APIs (with API gateway)
Mobile backends
Infrastructure automation
Data validation
Security remediation

Under the hood

Containers
Shared EC2 instances
Resource isolation
100ms execution measurement
15 minute max
AWS SDK built-in

Triggers

API Gateway
AppSync
Schedules
AWS IoT
Alexa Skills Kit
Alex Smart Home
Application Load Balancer
Cloudfront
CloudWatch Events
CloudTrail Logs
CodeCommit
Cognito Sync Trigger
DynamoDB streams
Kenesis streams
S3
SNS topics
SQS
SDK innovation

There's also a bunch of partner event sources (via Amazon EventBridge) that can trigger Lambda functions. E.g. SugarCRM, Segment, Datadog, Zendesk, etc.

Supported Languages

Node.js
Go
Python
Ruby
Java
C#
Powershell